“I was astonished and not a little perturbed to find that when you draw a graph of the death rate from whooping cough that starts in the mid nineteenth century, you can clearly see that at least 99 percent of the people who used to die of whooping cough in the nineteenth and early twentieth century had stopped dying before the vaccine ag…
“I was astonished and not a little perturbed to find that when you draw a graph of the death rate from whooping cough that starts in the mid nineteenth century, you can clearly see that at least 99 percent of the people who used to die of whooping cough in the nineteenth and early twentieth century had stopped dying before the vaccine against whooping cough was introduced, initially in the 1950s and universally in the 1960s.
“I also realized that the reason the Department of Health’s graphs made the vaccine appear so effective was because they didn’t start until the 1940s when most of the improvements in health had already occurred, and this was before even antibiotics were generally available. If you selected only deaths in under-15-year-olds, the drop was even more dramatic — by the time whooping cough vaccine was part of the universal immunization schedule in the early 1960s all the hard work had been done.” — Dr. Jayne Donegan
Once the microbe was “identified” as the specific agent leading to widespread respiratory ailments, the daily hazards of the turn-of-the-century industrial era—filthy street sewage, poor nutrition, heavy air pollution, and overall squalid living conditions—were no longer deemed causes for illness. Instead, they were sidelined by those who were in hot pursuit of the opportunity to invent a vaccine.
The story of the pertussis vaccine is largely the story of bacteriologist Pearl Kendrick and public health scientist Grace Eldering.
Though many pharmaceutical companies in the United States were offering pertussis and mixed-serum pertussis vaccines in the early 1900s, none proved to be effective.
In 1931, the American Medical Association’s Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry found no “evidence even for the presumptive value of stock or commercial vaccines” because “the pertussis vaccines seem to have absolutely no influence [as a preventive], and after the disease is thoroughly established even freshly prepared vaccines seem useless.”
In 1932, Kendrick and Eldering began the whooping cough research project in Grand Rapids, Michigan. They alleged that they had improved the methods used for growing the pertussis bacillus, which allowed them to design and direct the first large-scale controlled clinical trial for the pertussis vaccine. This was hailed at the time as one of the greatest field tests in microbe-hunting history. Keep in mind that in the 1930s, there were no accepted standards and few established models for conducting field studies.
The field trial ran from 1934 to 1937 was composed of 5,815 children. The vaccinated group was made up of “children of acceptable age and history who presented themselves at the city immunization clinics for pertussis vaccination.”
The control group was “selected at random from a list of non-immunized children maintained by the Grand Rapids City Health Department.”
Even though an approximately equal sample of children of the same age comprised both groups, the original field trial design was methodologically flawed. The “vaccinated” experimental group was self-selected, but the unvaccinated control subjects were randomly chosen. In addition to this procedural defect, 1,603 observations (28%) from the study’s early years were not included in the final analysis.
Along with these operational deficiencies was the largely overlooked fact that the study was conducted during the height of the Great Depression (an era of extreme deprivation in which daily life consisted of grinding poverty, food scarcity, substandard housing, and extraordinary social stressors). As Grace Eldering noted, “[W]e learned about pertussis and the Depression at the same time.”
In the summer of 1936, America’s then-premier epidemiologist, Wade Hampton Frost, a professor of epidemiology at Johns Hopkins University, was tasked with reviewing the Kendrick-Elder study. He identified four major problems with the study.
Due to the long, slow build-up of the trial, he noted, the study population overall was quite heterogeneous, which meant that:
– In the early years of the trial, follow-up of control children was either inadequate or the records were incomplete;
– Recruitment to the trial varied over the life of the study, as did the frequency of nursing visits to look for whooping cough;
– The possibility of unknown differences between experimental and control groups existed because of differences in the way they had been recruited.
– There was a question as to whether the rates of other communicable diseases were also lower in the experimental group, as might be expected, if the vaccinated children were from a higher socioeconomic group than were children in the control groups.
Nevertheless, the field trials were deemed a success, and Michigan began distributing the pertussis vaccines in 1940.
Dr J Donegan did a superb job of exposing this many years prior to bs cv.. sadly got hammered by the establishment, lost her licence then eventually got it back again after a high court win.. It is unfortunate that she lays very low these days.
An astonishing lack of typos. All I could find while reading you and simultaneously hand-grinding coffee beans was that the Grace Eldering of the fourth paragraph may have become Grace Elder later on. When you put comments in the comments basement you're supposed to put a minimum of three typos per paragraph. I didn't even know that, myself excepted, you could be against vaccines and typos at the same time. It was a great read. Thank-you.
"When illness is blamed on bacteria, so-called "viruses" and genes, not only are enormous profits generated for the pharmaceutical industry selling their antibiotics, antivirals, vaccines and the myriad of other related drugs, but it also protects the other hand of the same industry that sells herbicides, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, preservatives, etc... as it obscures one of the fundamental causes of illness...our nutrient-deficient and poison laden foods."
“I was astonished and not a little perturbed to find that when you draw a graph of the death rate from whooping cough that starts in the mid nineteenth century, you can clearly see that at least 99 percent of the people who used to die of whooping cough in the nineteenth and early twentieth century had stopped dying before the vaccine against whooping cough was introduced, initially in the 1950s and universally in the 1960s.
“I also realized that the reason the Department of Health’s graphs made the vaccine appear so effective was because they didn’t start until the 1940s when most of the improvements in health had already occurred, and this was before even antibiotics were generally available. If you selected only deaths in under-15-year-olds, the drop was even more dramatic — by the time whooping cough vaccine was part of the universal immunization schedule in the early 1960s all the hard work had been done.” — Dr. Jayne Donegan
Once the microbe was “identified” as the specific agent leading to widespread respiratory ailments, the daily hazards of the turn-of-the-century industrial era—filthy street sewage, poor nutrition, heavy air pollution, and overall squalid living conditions—were no longer deemed causes for illness. Instead, they were sidelined by those who were in hot pursuit of the opportunity to invent a vaccine.
The story of the pertussis vaccine is largely the story of bacteriologist Pearl Kendrick and public health scientist Grace Eldering.
Though many pharmaceutical companies in the United States were offering pertussis and mixed-serum pertussis vaccines in the early 1900s, none proved to be effective.
In 1931, the American Medical Association’s Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry found no “evidence even for the presumptive value of stock or commercial vaccines” because “the pertussis vaccines seem to have absolutely no influence [as a preventive], and after the disease is thoroughly established even freshly prepared vaccines seem useless.”
In 1932, Kendrick and Eldering began the whooping cough research project in Grand Rapids, Michigan. They alleged that they had improved the methods used for growing the pertussis bacillus, which allowed them to design and direct the first large-scale controlled clinical trial for the pertussis vaccine. This was hailed at the time as one of the greatest field tests in microbe-hunting history. Keep in mind that in the 1930s, there were no accepted standards and few established models for conducting field studies.
The field trial ran from 1934 to 1937 was composed of 5,815 children. The vaccinated group was made up of “children of acceptable age and history who presented themselves at the city immunization clinics for pertussis vaccination.”
The control group was “selected at random from a list of non-immunized children maintained by the Grand Rapids City Health Department.”
Even though an approximately equal sample of children of the same age comprised both groups, the original field trial design was methodologically flawed. The “vaccinated” experimental group was self-selected, but the unvaccinated control subjects were randomly chosen. In addition to this procedural defect, 1,603 observations (28%) from the study’s early years were not included in the final analysis.
Along with these operational deficiencies was the largely overlooked fact that the study was conducted during the height of the Great Depression (an era of extreme deprivation in which daily life consisted of grinding poverty, food scarcity, substandard housing, and extraordinary social stressors). As Grace Eldering noted, “[W]e learned about pertussis and the Depression at the same time.”
In the summer of 1936, America’s then-premier epidemiologist, Wade Hampton Frost, a professor of epidemiology at Johns Hopkins University, was tasked with reviewing the Kendrick-Elder study. He identified four major problems with the study.
Due to the long, slow build-up of the trial, he noted, the study population overall was quite heterogeneous, which meant that:
– In the early years of the trial, follow-up of control children was either inadequate or the records were incomplete;
– Recruitment to the trial varied over the life of the study, as did the frequency of nursing visits to look for whooping cough;
– The possibility of unknown differences between experimental and control groups existed because of differences in the way they had been recruited.
– There was a question as to whether the rates of other communicable diseases were also lower in the experimental group, as might be expected, if the vaccinated children were from a higher socioeconomic group than were children in the control groups.
Nevertheless, the field trials were deemed a success, and Michigan began distributing the pertussis vaccines in 1940.
It’s called racketeering.
Dr J Donegan did a superb job of exposing this many years prior to bs cv.. sadly got hammered by the establishment, lost her licence then eventually got it back again after a high court win.. It is unfortunate that she lays very low these days.
Dr Donegan writes in the magazine- www.informedparent.co.uk.
Another GREAT comment. You're on a roll today!!
Eldering or Elder? the racketeering part's spot on though.
Grace Eldering.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3298325/
An astonishing lack of typos. All I could find while reading you and simultaneously hand-grinding coffee beans was that the Grace Eldering of the fourth paragraph may have become Grace Elder later on. When you put comments in the comments basement you're supposed to put a minimum of three typos per paragraph. I didn't even know that, myself excepted, you could be against vaccines and typos at the same time. It was a great read. Thank-you.
Thank you- fixed it.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3298325/
Yes- on the money.
"When illness is blamed on bacteria, so-called "viruses" and genes, not only are enormous profits generated for the pharmaceutical industry selling their antibiotics, antivirals, vaccines and the myriad of other related drugs, but it also protects the other hand of the same industry that sells herbicides, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, preservatives, etc... as it obscures one of the fundamental causes of illness...our nutrient-deficient and poison laden foods."
- T.C. Fry , founder of Life Science Institute